Prostate Biopsy

Prostate Biopsy Overview

If other tests suggest the possibility of prostate cancer, your doctor may recommend a prostate biopsy. During this procedure, small samples of tissue are removed from the prostate and examined under a microscope to check for cancer or other abnormalities. A biopsy is commonly recommended when a patient has elevated PSA levels, an abnormal digital rectal exam, or suspicious findings on imaging such as ultrasound or MRI.

The Prostate Biopsy Procedure

Prostate biopsies are typically performed in an outpatient setting. There are two common approaches used to collect tissue samples.

Transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy is the most frequently used method. In this procedure, an ultrasound probe is placed in the rectum to help guide the biopsy needle into the prostate. Local anesthesia is usually used to help minimize discomfort.

A transperineal biopsy is another option. In this approach, the biopsy needle is inserted through the skin between the scrotum and the rectum to reach the prostate.

Preparing for Your Prostate Biopsy

Before the procedure, your doctor will provide instructions to help ensure the biopsy is performed safely. You may be asked to stop taking certain medications, particularly blood thinners such as aspirin, several days before the procedure. Antibiotics may be prescribed to reduce the risk of infection, and you may be asked to use an enema a few hours beforehand.

Patients are typically advised to avoid alcohol before the procedure and arrange for someone to drive them home afterward.

After the biopsy, it is normal to experience mild side effects such as small amounts of blood in the urine or semen, mild soreness, or discomfort in the biopsy area. Although complications are uncommon, you should contact your doctor if you experience symptoms such as fever, chills, or ongoing pain.

Risks of a Prostate Biopsy

Like any medical procedure, a prostate biopsy carries some potential risks. These may include:

  • Bleeding

  • Pain or discomfort

  • Difficulty urinating

  • Inconclusive biopsy results

  • Infection

  • Blood in the semen after the procedure

  • Small amounts of blood in the stool

Your doctor will discuss these risks with you and explain how the procedure helps determine the most appropriate next steps for your care.

Prostate Cancer

If you have further questions or are experiencing symptoms of a urologic condition, call us or schedule an appointment today.

REQUEST APPOINTMENT