Prostate Biopsy

Prostate Biopsy Overview

If results from prior testing are abnormal, your physician may recommend a prostate biopsy to determine whether prostate cancer or another condition is present. During this procedure, small samples of tissue are collected from the prostate gland and examined under a microscope.

A biopsy may be advised if you have elevated PSA levels, an abnormal digital rectal exam, or concerning findings on imaging studies such as ultrasound or MRI.

How a Prostate Biopsy Is Performed

Prostate biopsies are typically completed on an outpatient basis. There are two primary approaches used, depending on your individual situation:

Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy
This is the most commonly used method. An ultrasound probe is gently inserted into the rectum to guide the biopsy needle to the prostate. Local anesthesia is usually administered to reduce discomfort during the procedure.

Transperineal Biopsy
With this approach, the biopsy needle is inserted through the skin between the scrotum and the rectum, allowing access to the prostate without passing through the rectum.

Preparing for Your Prostate Biopsy

Your care team will provide detailed instructions prior to your biopsy. Preparation may include temporarily stopping certain medications, taking prescribed antibiotics to lower the risk of infection, or using an enema a few hours before the procedure.

You may also be asked to stop blood-thinning medications, such as aspirin, several days in advance. Avoid alcohol before the procedure and arrange for someone to drive you home afterward.

Following the biopsy, mild side effects are common and may include temporary soreness, discomfort, or small amounts of blood in the urine or semen. Although complications are uncommon, it is important to watch for signs of infection. Contact your doctor promptly if you experience fever, chills, or persistent pain.

Potential Risks of a Prostate Biopsy

As with any medical procedure, a prostate biopsy carries some risk. Possible side effects may include:

• Bleeding

• Pain or discomfort

• Difficulty urinating

• Inconclusive biopsy results

• Missed cancer cells due to sampling limitations

• Infection

• Blood in the semen after the procedure

• Minor blood in the stool

Your physician will discuss these risks with you and help you understand what to expect before, during, and after your biopsy.If you have any questions don’t hesitate to contact us.